Automatic typewriter



Aug. 5, 1952 w` F O'HALLORAN AUTOMATIC TYPEWRITER Filed sept. 26, 194? 1o sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR Aug- 5, 1952 w. F. OHALLORAN 2,605,879

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IAUTOMATIC TYPEWRITER Filed Sept. 26, 1947 10 Sheets-Sheet 7 Aug 5, 1952 .w. F. O'HALLORAN 2,605,879

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Filed sept. 2e, 1947 W. F. O'HALLORAN AUTOMATIC TYPEWRITER 10 Sheets-Sheet lO INVENTOR Patented Aug. 5, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT IOFFICE AUTOMATIC TYPEWRITER William F. OHalloran, Greensburg, Pa. Application September 26, 1947, Serial No. 776,219

Claims. 1

This invention relates to recording intelligence and more partcularlyto a method of and apparatus for recording intelligence whereby a plurality of records differing from one another may be made with great saving in time and labor. The invention further relates to a method of and apparatus for making with but one inditing a plurality of records which differ from one another either in that the intelligence recorded on the respective records is diierent or in that the spacing of the recorded intelligence is different or both. f

In conduct of business it is common to prepare records which are generally similar to one another but which differ from one another either in that the intelligence recorded on the respective records is different or in that the spacing of the recorded intelligence is ydiierent or both. The various records may be made on differently arranged and sized sheets or forms. Selected intelligence may be recorded on the respective records and certain of the records may have common selected intelligence recorded thereon although its arrangement orspacing may differ.

To demonstrate the utility and commercial importance of my invention an example may be drawn from the insurance business. In casualty insurance, for. example, a general agent receives from a subagent an application for insurance on a prospective policy holder. This is ythe first of a series of record-making steps culminating in the issuance and administration of a policy of casualty insurance. Certain of the records contain data from the policy itself, other records contain data from the application and still others contain data from other sources. All of the records carry some of the data which is on the policy and most of them carry most of it. The records are of different sizes and arrangements. A great many typings are necessary to produce all of them in accordance with present practice. According to my invention they can all be produced with but one inditing.

I list below by way of example certain records which may be employed in the casualty insurance business and all of which can be produced with but one inditing in accordance with my invention:

I. Records normally prepared in general agents oilice:

l. The insurance policy in quintuplicate or sextuplicate (usually 8% x 11" or 81/2" x 14") 2. Endorsements in quintuplicate or sextuplicate (usually 81/2/ x 51/) agent II. Records normally prepared in subagents oice:

l. Policyholders file (usually 3" x 5") 2. Accounts receivable le (usually 3" x 5") 3. Expiration le (usually 3" x 5) 4. Policy register 5. Invoice to customer (usually 5" x 8) III. Records normally prepared in the home oice: f

1. Statistical department abstract (usually 3l! X 5l!) 2. Claims department abstract 3" x5") v, 3. Underwriting department abstract (usual- V 3N X 5a) 4. Inspection department abstract (usually 3H Vx 5H) (usually I provide a Ymethod of and apparatus for making dissimilar records with but one inditing which accomplishes a vast saving in time and labor. The records may be made by any suitable recording elements, as. for example, types containing characters adapted to be imprinted on paper or other record-bearing material. For example, the records may be madeby typewriter, either by a series of typewriters operating simultaneously to produce Vdissimilar records or by a single typewriter operated a plurality of' times sequentially. AIn either case the records are made with buta single inditing. In the process of inditing controls are interposed which determine the selection of intelligence for the respective records and the spacing of the intelligence recorded on the respective records.

One wayof practicing my invention is by use of a typewriter which simultaneously makes one record and provides a control device which may be subsequentlyemployed one or more times for making an additional record or records each of whichmay be the same as or different from the original record. The control device may take various forms, but in a present preferred embodiment consists of an elongated control member adapted to be employed cyclically in connection with individual controls rendered effective upon the respective cyclic operations oi the elongated control member whereby it brings about the making of records which differ from one another in predetermined respects. The control member may consist of an elongated strip, as of paper or similar material, which is provided with control portions which become successively effective as the strip'is moved in the direction of its length. For example, the strip may at the beginning of a recording operation be coiled upon a reel and may be drawn from that reel through mechanism which it controls and which in turn determines what characters are being recorded and then coiled up on another reel. The control portions on the strip may be indentations, perforations, markings which may be employed in connection with light sensitive recording devices, chemically active means or any other means capable of actuating mechanism for recording the predetermined characters. I at present prefer to employ a perfoi-ated paper strip, the perforations in the strip controlling the making and breaking of electrical circuits which in turn control operation of the recording elements.

When a control device such as a paper strip is to be employed the control device may be formed (e. g., perforated) either in a separate operation or simultaneously with the making of one of the records which are to be produced. I may employ a typewriter, preferably an electrically operated typewriter, with which is connected a strip or tape cutter so that asthe typist operates the keys of the typewriter a typed record will be made in the typewriter and at the same time perforations will be made in the tape. The perforations thus made in the tape are subsequently employed to control the making of other records.

It is not new broadly to make a typewritten record and simultaneously cut a tape which may be subsequently used to make other records identical with the original record. I provide for cutting in the tape not only perforations which will be effective through the mechanism controlled by the tape for making subsequent records identical with the original record but also additional control perforations which may be rendered effective upon subsequent cyclic operations of the tape to cause the making of records differing from the original record and from one another in predetermined respects. There is but one inditing; all of the records are predetermined by that inditing.

Il, for example, it is desired that a second record be made which has portions the same as portions of the original record but which omits matter appearing in the original record, the tape is provided with special control perforations which prevent the recording on the second record of the matter appearing on the iirst record which is to be omitted on the second record. The tape may also be provided with similar special perforations to eliminate matter in making of a third record, etc. Controls are provided so that upon each cyclic operation of the tape one or another or" the sets of special perforations is rendered operative.

Desirably the control device which in the instanced example is a perforated paper tape is employed to control the making and breaking of electric circuits which operate an electrically operated typewriter. That typewriter may be the same typewriter as is used for making the initial record and for operating the tape cutter to cut the tape or it may be a different typewriter. Il the same typewriter as was used for cutting the tape is employed certain manually operable controls which will be described below are operated to render the type bars of the typewriter responsive to electric currents liowing in the electric circuits controlled by the tape rather than to the operation of the typewriter keys by the typist. The special control perforations in the tape may operate in various ways; I at present prefer that the electric circuits whose making and breaking is controlled by the special periorations be effective for locking the type bars during passage through the record-making apparatus of the tape perforations which correspond to intelligence which is to be omitted on the record being made. Thus when the tape is being cut and a portion of the intelligence which is typed on the original record made simultaneously with cutting the tape is to be omitted from -a second record a control perforation is made in the tape just before the rst ofV the perforations corresponding to the matter to be omitted on the second record. When the second record is being made that control perforation causes locking of the type bars of the typewriter so that the perforations following the control perforation have no effect. Another control perforation may be provided at the end of the series of perforations which are to be ineilective in making the second record to unlock the type bars. The tape may be provided with like but diflerently patterned control perforations for accomplishing a similar function in the making of a third record and subsequent records. The record-making apparatus has controls which are operable to render the recordmaking apparatus selectively responsive to desired ones of the special control perforations. Thus by proper operation of the controls in the record-making apparatus different sets of special control perforations in the tape may be selectively rendered operative upon different cyclic operations of the tape to make different records.

In a similar manner the spacing of intelligence appearing on dilrerent records may be varied. Thus records of different dimensions may be made. Certain matter may appear in a single line on one record and in a plurality of lines on another record. The spacing controls are perforated into the tape in the single inditing so that they may be rendered differentially effective in the same manner as the controls for the printing of characters as explained above.

Thus I can with but a single inditing provide for the making of a plurality of records which diller from one another in at least one of the respects that (l) the intelligence recorded is different and (2) the spacingof the recorded intelligence is different. 'I'he spacing of the intelligence may be different in one or both of the directions (a) parallel to the lines in which the intelligence is arranged and (b) transversely of such lines.

I can make with but one inditing a plurality of records which dilier from one another in at least one of the respects that (l) the intelligence recorded is different and (2) the spacing of the recorded intelligence is different, comprising successively performing operations each of which is adapted to initiate one of (l) recording of a character on the "records and (2) shifting the position in which a character will be recorded on the records and, when it is desired to record a character on less than all' of the records or shift the position in which a character will be recorded on at least one of the records on which it is to be recorded, performing a controlling operation preventing a first mentioned operation from completing the initiated function with respect to at least one of the records. That method may be performed either in the making of a plurality of records on a series of simultaneously operating recording mechanisms such as electrically operated typewriters or in the making of a plurality of records by the employment of a control device such as a perforated tape. In either case a series of impulses (e. g., electrical impulses) may be produced each of which if allowed to function normally would cause either a printing operation ory a spacing operation, but certain of the impulses are interrupted before they have caused the respective operations which would be caused had they not been interrupted. For example, a particular impulse may have as its normal function to move a type bar to operative position to print a character Ibut that normal function may be prevented by locking the type bar so that it cannot move in response to the impulse. The means for locking the type bar is predeterminedly rendered yoperative in the inditing. For example, when a perforated tape is employed the tape is provided during the inditing with a special perforation for locking the type bars from the time when a series of perforations corresponding to matter to be deleted from the record being made begin to pass through the mechanism controlled by the tape. When that series of perforations has passed another special perforation unlocks the type bars.

Among the normal perforations which may be provided in the tape are perforations for effecting tabular movements of the typewriter carriage and perforations for effecting carriage return movements. A carriage return movement is always accompanied by turning of the platen roller to advance the paper, My method and apparatus are especially useful in the making of dissimilar tabulations, i. e., records in which the material recorded is arranged in columns, material in different columns in the original record being selected for the making of subsequent records. For example, the original record may consist of a tabulation consisting of seven columns of data. In a subsequent record the odd numbered columns only may be recorded and in still another record the even numbered columns only may be recorded, etc. Thus in the making of a record after the first record certain columns appearing on the first record are omitted. This omission may be brought about in the way explained above by the provision of special perforations in the tape. However, it is possible by the use of special control mechanism, which will be described below, to employ the perforations in the tape for causing tabular movements of the carriage as special control perforations. In this way I can with but one inditing make a plurality of records at least one of which contains only selected correspondingly arranged items from successive groups of uniformly arranged indited items by successively performing operations each of which is adapted to initiate one of (I) recording of an item on the records and (2) shifting the position on the records in which an item will be recorded in one of the directions (a) parallel to the lines in which the items are arranged and (b) transversely of such lines, performing controlling operations preventing completion of recording on said record of the items not selected for that record and performing other controlling operations preventing completion of certain shifting operations whereby in that record the selected items from each group will be similarly arranged.

I further provide for making with but one inditing a plurality of records at least one of which contains only selected correspondingly arranged items from successive multiline groups of uniformly arranged indited items by successively performing operations each of which is adapted to initiate one of (l) recording of an item on the records and (2) shifting the position on the records in which an item will be recorded in one of the directions (a) parallel to the lines and (b) transversely Aof the lines, performing controlling operations preventing completion of recording on said record of the items not selected for that record and performing other controlling operations preventing completion of shifting of the position on said record in the direction transversely of the lines in which items other than the first of the items from each group selected for that record will be recorded, whereby in that record the selected items from each group will be arranged in a single line with the corresponding selected items from the respective groups arranged in columnar fashion. I still further provide a method of making with but one inditing'a plurality of records one of which contains all items of successive groups of uniformly arranged indited items and another of which contains only selected correspondingly arranged items from said successive groups comprising successively performing operations each of ywhich is adapted to initiate one of (l) recording of an item on the records and (2) shifting the position on the records in which an item' will be recorded in one of the directions (a) parallel to the lines in which the items are arranged and (b) transversely of such lines, completing said operations to record all of said items on the first mentioned record, performing controlling operations preventing completion of recording on the second mentioned record of the items not selected for that record and performing other controlling operations preventing completion of certain shifting operations whereby on the second mentioned record the selected items from each group will be similarly arranged.

I also provide a method of making with but one inditing a plurality of records at least one of which contains only selected correspondingly arranged items from successive groupsk of uniformly arranged indited items comprising successively performing operations each of which is adapted to initiate recording of an item on the records and performing controlling operations preventing completion of recording on said record of the items not selected for that record.

I provide for correcting errorsm'ade in forming the control device or perforated tape. Ir" through error the tape moving through the tape cutter is wrongly perforated Ivmove the tape in the reverse direction and delete all the perforations until the first' incorrect perforation is reached, the deletion being effected `by the application of further perforations to render those perforations ineffective. The tape is then advanced beyond the portion vthus perforated and the making of the tape progresses from that point.

My invention involves numerous complexities which it is not feasible to detail in this preliminary portion of the specification but which will be referred to at length below. Many other details, objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent as the following description of certain present preferred embodiments thereu of and. certain present preferred methods of practicing the same proceeds.

In the accompanying drawings I have shown certain present preferred embodiments of the invention and have illust-rated: certain present preu rerred methods of practicing the same, in which:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevational view of an electrically operated typewriter having means for closing electric circuits to operate tape cutter and having means adapted to be operated by electric impulses controlled by a previously cut tape whereby the typewriter may be operated;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary vertical cross-sectional view taken on the line II-II of Figure l;

Figure 3 is a fragmentary vert-ical cross-sectional view taken on theline III-IIIv of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a fragmentary vertical cross-sectional view taken on the line IV-IV of Figure 1 but to somewhat enlarged scale;

Figure 5 is a diagram showing electrical connections through which the tape cutter is operated by the typewriter;

Figure 6 is a view consisting in part of a fragment of the typewriter structure and in part of a diagram showing electrical connections operated thereby;

Figure 7 is a vertical cross-sectional View taker. on the line VII-VII of Figure 6;

Figure S is a view consisting in part of a crosssectional View taken on the line VIII- VIII ci Figure 7 and in part of a diagram showing elect C electrical connections through wnich the tape cutter is operated by the typewriter;

Figure 13 is a fragmentary view of a portion or t` e typewriter mechanism;

Figure 14 is an enlarged vertical 'cross-seotional view taken on the line XIV--XIV of Figure 13;

Figure 15 is a largely diagrammatic view of a portion of the type-writer structure;

Figure 16 is a fragmentary elevational view of portion of the typewriter structure;

Figure 17 is a view similar to Figure 16 and of the same structure but showing the structure in a different operative position;

Figure 18 is a view similar to Figure 16 of a different portion of the typewriter structure;

Figure 19 is a View similar to Figure 18 and of the same structure but showing the structure in a different operative position;

Figure 20 is a vertical cross-sectional view taken on the line XX-XX of Figure 16 but to enlarged scale;

Figure 21 is a diagram illustrating electrical connections for mechanism for tabulating selected matter;

Figure 22 is a fragmentary elevational view showing mechanism for locking certain of the levers when the mechanism illustrated in Figure 21 is to be employed;

Figure 23 is an elevational view or the mechanism shown in Figure 22 as viewed from the right in Figure 22;

Figure 24 is a fragmentary side elevational view showing a modiiied form of structure for advancing the tape which may be employed in place of the structure shown at the center of Figure l0 and which provides for retrograde movement of the tape to correct errors made in perforating it;

Figure 25 is a horizontal cross-sectional view taken on the line XXV- XXV of Figure 24;

Figure 26 is an elevational View, largely diagrammatic, of mechanism for tabulating selected matter, such mechanism being usable in place of that illustrated in Figure 21;

Figure 27 is a fragmentary plan view of a portion of the structure shown in Figure 26;

Figure 28 is a wiring diagram showing the interwiring of the various mechanisms of Figures l to 27, inclusive; l

Figure 29 is a View partly in cross-section perpendicular to the length of the carriage and partly diagrammatic of the master typewriter of a series of electrically connected typewriters showing structure for operating the typewriters simultaneously;

Figure 30 is a largely diagrammatic View generally similar to Figure 15 of a portion of the structure of each of the typewriters which are electrically connected in series and showing particularly the locking mechanism for selectively rendering inoperative the means for operating the type bars; and

Figure 31 is a fragmentary view of a portion of the mechanism shown in Figure 30 in a different operative position.

As indicated above, my method may in its broader aspects be practiced either on apparatus consisting of a plurality of recording devices such as typewriters connected together or on apparatus involving a control device such as a perforated tape which may be employed cyclically for making a number of records` When a plurality of typewriters are used they may be connected together either electrically or mechanically. I prefer to employ electrically operated typewriters and to connect them together electrically. When a tape cutter is employed I prefer to operate the tape cutter by impulses, preferably electrical impulses from a typewriter, preferably an electrically operated typewriter, and I prefer to employ the perforated tape for making and breaking electric circuits to operate an electrically operated typewriter for making records from the tape.

In Figures 1 to 28, inclusive, of the drawings there is shown mechanism consisting of an electrically operated typewriter which may be ernployed to operate a tape cutter and which may in turn be operated to make a record by a previously cut tape. In Figures 29 to 3l, inclusive, there is shown diagrammatically apparatus consisting of a plurality of typewriters electrically connected together for simultaneously making dissimilar records. Thus a number of dissimilar 9 'records may be made at the ysame time by use of the apparatus of Figures 29-31, while with the apparatus of Figures 1-28 the tape must be run through the control mechanism one time for each different record to be made. The apparatus of Figures 29-31 has some advantage in speed while the apparatus of Figures 1-28 has the advantage that only one typewriter and one tape cutter are needed. Generally speaking, the apparatus of Figures 1-28 is recommended although theremay be cases where speed of production of dissimilar records is of greater importance than cost of equipment and in those cases the apparatus of Figures 29-31 is recommended.

Referring first to the form of apparatus shown in Figures 1-28, Figures 1, 2, 3V and 4 are general views of the typewriter portion of the apparatus. The typewriter is adapted for operating the tape cutter to cut a tape and it is also adapted to be operated by a previously cut tape to make a record. When thetypewriter .is operated to cut a tape it may also make a record at the same time as 'the tape is being cut. A

The typewriter comprises a, plurality of key levers 2 eachhaving a key 3. Each of the key levers is pivoted at 4 and when operated turns in the counterclockwise direction about the axis of the pivot 4, viewing Figure 1. AThe amplitude of movement of the extremity of each key lever 2 is limited by a stop member 5. Each key lever has a generallydownward extension 6 having a forked lower end 1. The 'downward extensions 6 of adjacent key levers 2 are differently positioned, alternate extensions 6 being disposed relatively near to the pivoted ends of the key levers and being inclined downwardly and toward the right, viewing Figure 1, and alternate extensions 6 being disposed relatively remote from the pivoted ends of the key levers and being inclined downwardly and toward the left, viewing Figure 1. This is done so that the-mechanism with which the key levers cooperate may be divided into two opposed groups, enabling substantial reduction in the dimension of the typewriter parallel to the axis of the pivotf4.

There is provided a roller 8 mounted upon an axle 9 whose axis is parallel to the axis of the pivot 4. The roller B extends continuously throughout the width of the typewriter andv is of uniform diameter throughout. It is constantly power driven to turn in the direction of the arrow A in Figure 1 when the typewriter is in use. There are provided two pivot rods I0, each having its axis parallel to the axis of the roller 8. On each of the rods I is pivoted a series of bell crank levers II which are arranged alternately, theright hand bell crank levers, viewing Figure 1, cooperating with the right hand extensions 6 and the left hand bell crank levers cooperating with the left hand extensions, 6. Each of the bell crank levers II has a generally horizontally extending arm I2 and a generally downwardly extending arm I3. Pivoted to each arm I3 to I4 is a cam I5. Each of the cams l is symmetrical, having two opposed surface portions which extend from a position relatively near the axis of the pivot I4 to a position relatively remote from the axis of the pivot I4. Each cam I5 has two diametrically opposite Stop pins I6 adapted sequentially to cooperate with a stop I1 at the lower extremity of an arm I8 of a bell crank lever I9 pivoted at 20 to the corresponding bell crank lever II. Each bell crank lever I9 has a generally upwardly extending'arm 2I which enters 10 the forked lower end 1 of the downward extension 6 of onel of the key levers 2.

The typewriter is provided with' types carried by pivoted'type bars which may be of known or any desired construction and whichvdo not per se constitute the present invention and hence are not shown in Figure 1. Types and type bars and mechanism (for operating them similar to the mechanism shown inFigure 1 are shown in Figure 29 and the types, type bars and directly cooperating'mechanism of the typewriter shown in Figure 1 may be the same as in Figure 29. Referring to Figure l, each type bar is connected by a link with a bell crank lever 2 Ia which is in turn connected by a link 2lb with the generally horizontally extendingarm I2 of one of the bell crank levers II. The bell crank levers 2Ia are uniform and uniformly positioned, being mounted upon the pivot rod 4 which pivotally carries the key levers 2. The bell crank levers 2Ia are arranged alternately with the key levers 2. Alternate bell crank levers 2Ia kare connected by links 2lb with right hand bell crank levers I I, viewing Figure 1, and alternate bell crank levers 2 Ia are connected by links 2lb with left hand bell crank levers II, viewing Figure 1.

Each of the cams I5 is normally urged to turn in the counterclockwise direction, viewing Figure 1. The means for thus urging the cams may be any known or preferred means and does not per se constitute the present invention and hence is not shown in Figure 1. Such means is, however, shown in .Figure 29 and the same means may be employed in Figure 1. When a key is pressed by the operator its key lever 2 turns through a small angle in the counterclockwise direction about the axis ofthe pivot rod 4, swinging the correspondingiextension 6 toward the right y and in turn swinging the corresponding bell crank lever I9 so that its generally downwardly extending arm I8 swings toward the left to move the corresponding stop I1 out of operative position with respect to the stop pin I6 lying thereagainst, thus permitting the corresponding cam I5 to turn through approximately 180 before it is again brought to rest. After the cam turns through a few degrees one of its opposed surface portions engages the constantly rotating roller 8. Power from the roller 8 is transmitted through the cam I5 and the bell crank lever II carrying the cam I5 is caused to turn about the axis of its pivot rod I0 to draw downwardly the corresponding link 2lb and through the mechanism above referred to operate a type bar to cause a type to make its impression on 'a record sheet disposed in the typewriter in the normal way.

The typewriter mechanism above described may be of known construction and I do not claim to be the inventor thereof per se. However, I have adapted that mechanism for a new use in combination with'other mechanism now to be described.

I utilize the surface portion of each cam I5 which is opposed to the surface portion in contact with the roller 8 at any given time to operate mechanism-now to be described. There are provided two mounting members 22, one beside each series of cams, each of the mounting members having mounted therein a series of five strips 23 each having spacedupwardly projecting fingers 24. The strips 23 are insulated from each other at the bottom.v The fingers 24 arev arranged in series or piles, one opposite each of the cams I5, but in each such series or piles the number of fingers may vary and the fingers which arepresent are carried by various strips. Opposite Veach series or pile of ngers 24V is pivoted at 25 a lever 25 which is normally spring pressed away from the ngers by a spring 21. At its upper end each lever carries a cam following roller 28 which is adapted to follow the corresponding cam I5. Each lever 26 also has a projection 29 opposite the corresponding series or pile of fingers 24. When the cam opposite one of the levers 26 turns through approximately 180 it actuates that lever through the roller 23 carried thereby, pushing it toward and against the series of ngers 24 in alignment therewith so as to close an electrical circuit through each finger as will be described.

The strips 23 with the ngers 24 projecting upwardly therefrom are shown in Figure 12. There are altogether eleven strips designated in Figure 12 by letters a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, z', y and k, respectively. The relative positions of these strips are shown in Figure l. Strips e and f are in alignment at one side of the mechanism as indicated in Figure 12. The strips are permanently electrically connected together as shown in Figure 12 and as follows:

Strips b and h Strips c and z' Strips d and :i

Strips j and lc Strips e and g Strip a. is not permanently electrically connected with any other strip.

Referring now to the wiring diagram, Figure 5, a lead 30 from a source of electric current is electrically connected with all of the levers 26. The other lead 3| from the source of electric current is connected to a series of six solenoids 3| a, 3|b, 3|c, 3|d, 3|e and 3|f which are arranged in parallel. The strip a is electrically connected with the solenoid 3|a; the strips b and h are electrically connected with the solenoid 3|b; the strips c and i are electrically connected with the solenoid 3| c; the Strips d and i are electrically connected with the solenoid 3|d; the strips ,f and 7c are electrically connected with the solenoid Sie; and the strips e and g are electrically connected with the solenoid 3 lf.

When one of the levers 26 is operated by the corresponding cam it closes an electric circuit through all of the strips having fingers in the pile opposite the lever. This in turn results in energizing of those of the solenoids 3|a, 3|b, 3|c, 3| d, 3|e and 3|f which are electrically connected with those strips. The arrangement of the ilngers 24 is such that upon operation of each lever 26 an electric circuit is closed through a diierent nger or combination of fingers. When it is borne in mind that a dii'erent lever 26 is actuated upon operation by the operator of each key 3 it will be appreciated that operation of a key 3 lbrings about through the mechanism which has been described energization of a solenoid or combination of solenoids distinctive for that particular key.

Fastened to each key lever 2 is a mask 32. The lower edge of each mask is serrated as shown at 33. Below the mask are mounted six solenoids 33a, 33D, 33o, 33d, 33e and 33j. Mounted in cooperative relationship with the respective solenerds 33a, 33t. 33e, 33d, 33e and asf are six levers 34 each carrying a core 35 for cooperation with one of the solenoids. Each lever carries at its upper end a bar 36 having an anti-friction roller 31 thereon, the bars 36 extending at right angles to the masks 32 so that each bar extends beneath the same portion of all of the masks. The bars 36 and the levers 34 carrying them are shown in Figure l in their normal positions in which they are not operated by the solenoids 33a, 3327, 33e, 33d, 33e and 33f. The levers are maintained in their normal positions by springs 10 which normally urge them in the counterclockwise direction about their respective pivots 69, viewing Figure 1. The serrated bottom edge of each mask is formed so that when a particular lever or combination of levers 34 is or are moved in the clockwise direction about the pivot or pivots 69 thereof, viewing Figure 1, by operation of one or more of the solenoids 33a, 33h, 33e, 33d, 33e and 33f the corresponding bar and roller or lbars and rollers 36 and 31 will lie opposite a recess or recesses in the bottom edge of the mask thus permitting the mask to move downwardly, viewing Figure 1, and in turn permitting turning of the key lever 2 carrying the mask in the counterclockwise direction about the axis of the pivot rod 4 whereby the key lever operates the corresponding type to record the same on the record sheet. Particular masks have projections 38 above certain rollers 31 when the corresponding levers 34 are in normal position and have recesses 39 above other rollers 31 when the corresponding levers 34 are in normal position. To render a mask downwardly movable only those levers 34 must be moved in the counterclockwise direction which when in normal position have their respective rollers 31 disposed below projections 38. The respective levers 34 are moved in the clockwise direction by energizing of their solenoids. Thus each mask requires a particular arrangement of bars below it to permit the mask to move downwardly.

There is provided a spring 40 having portions 4| adapted when the spring is in operative position to press downwardly on the respective key levers 2 and portions 42 adapted to bear against a generally vertically projecting arm 43 of an operating member 44 pivoted to a stationary part at 45 and having a link 46 pivoted thereto at 41, the opposite end of the link 46 being pivoted at 48 to a support 49 which carries the pivots 69 for the levers 34. Disposed beneath the support 49 is a cam 50 pivoted by a pivot pin 5| to lugs 51a carried by the support 49. The pivot pin 5| also passes through one end of a link 52 whose opposite end is pivoted by a pivot pin 53 to a bracket 54 carried by a stationary part of the typewriter. There are also provided other links 52a similar to the link 52 and similarly connected with the support 49 and with the frame. the link 52 and the links 52a constituting a parallelogram motion through which the support 49 is carried on the frame. Mounted in a stationary part is a pin 55 to which is pivoted an operating lever 56 to which is in turn pivoted at 51 a link 58 pivoted to the cam 50 at 59. A handle is carried by the operating lever 56 to facilitate turning it. When the operating lever 56 is turned through approximately 180 in the clockwise direction about the axis of the pin 55, viewing Figure 1. the link 58 moves the cam 50 toward the right about the axis of the pin 5|, permitting the links 52 and 52a to assume a generally horizontal position with consequent lowering of the support 49. The vertical position of the support 49 is determined by the position of the cam 50 whose lower portion rests upon a stationary part of the typewriter frame. When the support 43 is lowered the bars 36 and rollers 31 move to a position in which they are out of Y y V12F, .e cooperative relationship with 'the masks`32.- At the same time the link 46 turns the operating member 44 in the counterclockwise direction about the axis of the pivot 45 to remove the tension from the spring 40 and render the same inoperative. This occurs because the generally vertically projecting arm 43 of the operating member 44 is moved toward the left, viewing Figure 1, permitting the spring portions 42 to move in a similar direction until all downward spring pressure on the key levers is relieved.

When the typewriter-is being used to make a record from a previously cut tape the cam 50 and associated mechanismjust described are in the position shown in Figure 1. When the typewriter is being used for the purpose of cutting a tape the operating'member 56 is'operated as above described to move the bars 36 and rollers 31 to positions in which they are out of cooperative relationship with the masks and also to render the spring'40 inoperative.

Pivoted to a stationary part at 6| is an operating lever 62 to which are pivoted at 63 and 64, respectively, links 65 and 66 which in turn are pivoted respectively at 65a and 66a to the respective mounting members 22. Each mounting member 22 is pivoted at 651; to a stationary part of the typewriter frame. The operating lever 62 has a handle |51. Upon turning the operating lever 62 in the clockwise direction, viewing Figure l, through an angle of approximately 180 the mounting members 22 are swung outwardly about the respective pivots 6519 to inoperative position so that operation of the cams does not cause operation of the levers 26. The mounting members 22 are disposed in the position shown in Figure 1 when the typewriter is being used for cutting a tape. They are disposed in their outward inoperative positions when the typewriter is being used to make a record 'from a previously out tape. It is possible, however, for the typewriter to be used to make a record from a previously cut tape and at the same time cut a second tape; under th-ose particular circumstances both of the operating levers 56 and 62 occupy the position in which they are shown in Figure 1.

As explained above, each of the levers 34 is urged by its spring 1U to turn in the counterclockwise direction about the axis of its pivot 69. When a solenoid 33a, 33h, 33e, 33d, 33e or 33]* which has been energized is de-energized this permits the corresponding lever 34 to be moved by itsv spring so as to turn in the counterclockwise direction, the anti-friction rollers 3.1 engaging the inclined portions 31a of the serrated bottom surfaces of the masks 32 to in effect cam the masks upwardly and hence return the key levers 2 to their upper or normal positions as shown in Figure l.

Referring particularly to Figure 2, the bars 36 have their ends 68a mounted in levers 68 pivoted on the shafts 69 which are mounted in the support 49 at 49a, The anti-friction rollers 31 are disposed betweenthe levers 34 and the levers 68. The solenoids 33a, 33h, 33C, 33d, 33e and 33j are not all arranged in a straight line but are staggered so that the magnetic eld of any solenoid does not move the code 35 intended to be moved by another solenoid. The solenoids may, for example, be arranged in three lines with two solenoids in each line as shownlin Figure 2. ,This is possiblebecause each of the bars aeoasve operating itmay be disposed at any pointalong the bar. f f Y The levers 34 and 68 are fixed to the shafts 69 so that upon movement of any lever 34 by its solenoid the entire assembly comprising that lever, the corresponding shaft 69, the corresponding levers G8-and the corresponding rod 36 are moved in unison. Operation of one of the solenoids 33a, 33h, 33e, 33d, 33e and 33j thus causes swinging of the corresponding bar 36 in an are about the axisv of the corresponding shaft 69.

The solenoids 3|a, 3|b, 3|c, 3|d, 3|e and 3|J are not shown in Figure l and are indicated only diagrammatically in the Wiring diagram, Figure 5. They are shown'in structural relationship to the elements cooperating therewith in Figures 10 and 1l which show a machine which is a combination tape cutterand typewriter actuator; in other words, the machine of Figures 10 and 1l can be used selectively for cutting a tape and for actuating a typewriter by use of a previously cut tape. l n

The machine of Figures 10 and 11 will rst be described in relation to its tape cutting func- 36 extends throughout, the entire width of= the typewriter and the lever 34 and the solenoid for tion. There is provided a frame 1| in which is journaled a cross-shaft 12 on which is mounted for rotation a toothed wheel 13 and a ratchet 14. The toothed wheel and ratchet always rotate together; either' they may both be keyed to the cross-shaft 12 or they may be fastened together and rotate freelyuon the cross-shaft 12. The teeth of the toothed wheel 13 project through openings 13a and 13b at the topv and bottom respectively of the frame '1| .v A tape confiningI member 15 is disposed above and parallel to the top of the frame 1|, as viewed in Figure 10, and another tape. confining member 16 is disposed below and parallel to the bottom of the frame 1| kas viewed in that 'figurel Each of the tape confining members 15 and 16 is at its central portion spaced from the frame a distance only slightly greater than the thickness of thetape whereby to maintain 4the tape substantially against the outside of the frame and hence in position to be advanced bythe toothed wheel 13 upon turning thereof. Each'of the tape conning members 15 and 16. is of generally channel shape in transverse cross-section to receive the longitudinally disposed tape and 'guide it against skewing. The toothed Wheel 13 turns only in the counterclockwise direction, viewing Figure 10, except in correcting errors. It is to be understood that at any given time it moves the tape either toward the left above the frame, i. e., between the top of the frame and the tape confining member 15 or toward the right below the frame, i. e., between the bottom of the frame and the tape confining member 16, or both simultaneously in case a record is being made from a previously cut tape and another tape is being cut at the same time.

Mounted in the frame 1| is a cross-shaft 11 on which are pivoted six levers 18, each carrying a punch 19 adapted when the lever is turned in the clockwise direction about the axis of the shaft 11 to move through a perforation 80 in the bottom of the frame and into a perforation 8| in the tape confining member 16 to make a perforation in a tape disposed between the frame and that tape conning member. The solenods 3|a, 3|b, 3|c, 3|d, 3|e and 3| f are stationarily mounted in the frame in the arrangement shown in Figures 10 and 1l. Each of the levers 18 has an upwardly projecting arm 82 which 1s curvedaboutthe axis of the shaft 11 and which carries a core 83.

Thus when one of the solenoids is energized the corresponding core 83 is drawn downwardly and the corresponding lever 18 is turned in the clockwise direction about the axis of the shaft 11 to cause the corresponding punch 19 to perforate the tape. The levers 18 are normally urged in the counterclockwise direction about the axis of the shaft 11 by coil springs 84, one for each lever. The upward movement of each lever is limited by a switch 85 having a movable contact member 88. When each of the solenoids 3|a, 3|b, 3io, 3|d, 3|e and 3|f is de-energized and hence when the corresponding lever 18 is in its uppermost position as shown in Figure 10 the upper end of the corresponding arm 82 is pressed against the movable contact member 88 of the corresponding switch 85 by the corresponding spring 84. Then the switch is open and no current flows through it. When one of the solenoids 3|a, 3|b, 3| c, 3| d, 3| e and 3| f is energized it draws the corresponding core 83 downwardly as above explained and perforates the tape and at the same time draws the upper end of the arm 82 away from the corresponding contact member 86. That contact member 88 is thereupon spring projected to close an electric circuit through the switch 85. Figure 6 shows the electrical connections.

Referring to Figure 6, the six switches 85 are shown as being arranged in parallel. When one or more of the solenoids Sla, 3|b, 3|c, 3|d, 3|e and 3|f is or are energized and one or more of the levers 18 is or are thereupon moved in the clockwise direction about the axis of the shaft 11 at least one of the switches 85 is closed and current may now between a point 88a and a point 88h. Closing of the circuit from 88a to 88h energizes a solenoid 81 (see also Figure 10). A bar 88 is pvoted to the shaft 12 and carries a pawl 89 adapted to operate the ratchet 14. An escapement 98 pivotally mounted on the frame also cooperates with the ratchet 14 and insures advance of the ratchet through only a predetermined angular distance (one or more teeth) for each operation of the pawl 89. Mounted on the frame are stops 9| and 92 limiting the amplitude of movement of the bar 88. A tension coil spring 93 is connected with the bar 88 through a pin 94 carried by the bar and with a bracket 85 carried by the frame through a pin 86 carried by the bracket, the spring 93 urging the bar 88 downwardly, i. e., to turn in the counterclockwise direction about the axis of the shaft 12. A counterweight 91 is provided on the bar 88 and may be adjusted along the bar to any desired position and maintained in adjusted position by a set screw 98.

The bar 88 carries a core 99 positioned in the magnetic field of the solenoid 8l. When the solenoid 81 is energized by the closing of one or more of the switches 85 it draws the core 99 upwardly and hence turns the bar 88 through the angle permitted by the stops 9| and 92 in the clockwise direction about the axis of the shaft 12, viewing Figure 10. This causes the pawl 89 to ride freely in the reverse direction over one or more teeth of the ratchet 14. The pawl 89 is spring pressed against the ratchet 14 by a spring 89a. As long as one of the switches 85 remains closed the bar 88 remains up. When any lever 18 which had been drawn downwardly to perforate the tape returns to its uppermost position as shown in Figure l0 the upper end of the corresponding arm 82 opens the corresponding switch 85 which had been closed, resulting in de-energizing of the solenoid 81. Thereupon the bar 88 is moved downwardly by the spring 93. This causes the 16 pawl 89 to turn the ratchet 14 a predetermined angular distance in the counterclockwise direction about the axis of the shaft 12, viewing Figure 18. Since the toothed wheel '|3 always rotates with the ratchet 14 the toothed wheel is at the same time turned through the same angular distance. The teeth of the toothed wheel pass through the tape and for each angular movement of the toothed wheel as above described the tape is advanced one step. The tape is perforated while standing still and is advanced step by step intermediate perforating operations. The openings in the tape through which the teeth of the toothed wheel 13 pass may be preformed or they may be formed at the time of the operation by the teeth of the toothed wheel 13. Those openings are preferably disposed along the center line of the tape and are not to be confused with the perforations made in the tape by the punches 19.

When the mechanism of Figures 10 and 11 is to be used for actuating a typewriter to make a record from a previously perforated tape the tape is threaded into the machine of Figures 18 and 11 between the top of the frame 1| and the tape confining member 15, the tape being arranged for movement from right to left, viewing Figure l0. Mounted in the frame are six spring pressed contact members |88 arranged in a row transversely of the tape, each of the contact members |88 being in registry with one longitudinal series of perforations in the tape. Mounted opposite the outer extremities of the contact members |88 is a contact plate |8|. Each of the contact members |88 is normally pressed outwardly by its spring to contact the plate |8|. When a contact member |88 is in contact with the plate |8| a circuit is closed through that contact member and the plate and through one of the solenoids 33a, 33h, 33e, 33d, 33e and 33] (see Figure 9), each of the contact members being thus related to one of those solenoids. The action resulting from operation of those solenoids has been described above. Thus as a previously perforated tape is advanced step by step between the contact members |88 and the plate |8| those contact members which are opposite perforations in the tape will pass through those perforations and engage the plate. Those contact members which are not opposite the perforations in the tape are maintained out of contact with the plate by the material of the tape.

There is provided in the frame a switch |82 comprising a spring pressed contact member |83 which is normally projected by its spring toward the tape. Opposite the contact member |83 the tape conning member l5 has a cavity |84 which when no tape is interposed between it and the contact member |83 receives the end of the contact member. When the contact member |83 is projected by its spring into the cavity |84 it opens the switch |82. When a tape is interposed between the contact member |83 and the tape confining member 15 the tape holds the contact member |83 in its downward position, viewing Figure l0, maintaining the switch |82 closed. The purpose of the switch |82 is to open a circuit, presently to be described, when the trailing end of a tape has passed through the mechanism, allowing the Contact member |83 to be projected as above described.

When a tape is in position to maintain the switch 82 closed the toothed wheel 13 will be automatically operated to advance the tape step by step. When the bar 88 is in its lowermost po- Ithe action of the spring 93.

17 sitionas shown in Figure 10 it closesa switch |06 which is connected by a lead |05 with the switch |02. Closing of the switch |06 energizes the solenoid 81. llnergizingr of the solenoid 81 draws upwardly the core 99 and hence the bar 88. But upward movement of the bar 88 allows the switch |06 to open, which in turn results in de-energizing of the solenoid 81` and returning of the bar 88 to its lowermost position by Consequently when the switch |02 is closed. i. e., when a tape is threaded into the mechanism of Figures 10 and 11 between the top of the frame 1| and the tape conning member 15 the tape advancing mechanism .will operate continuously and automatically.

An relectric typewriter has in addition to the key levers for operating type bars other key levers for effecting return and tabular movements of the carriage. When the mechanism of Figures l and 11 is being used for operating a typewriter to make a record from a previously perforated tape the tape will contain perforations for returning the carriage and may contain perforations for effecting tabular movements of the carriage. But the mechanism heretofore described contemplates only continuous advance of the tape so long as the switch |02 remains closed. It will be apparent that advance of the tape must be interrupted when the carriage is being returnedvor when the carriage partakes of a tabular movement. Mechanism which will now be'described .is provided for interrupting the feed or advance of the tape when perforations in the tape for causing either a carriage return or a tabular movement of the carriage become eiective.

' In Figure 6 are shown diagrammatically two key levers |01 and los which may be simiiar to the key `lever 2 shown in 'Figure 1 and provided with masks of the same generalfcharacter as they mask 32 but each of course distinctive forselec'- tive operation of the key lever |01 or'|08. When perforations in the tape for `actuating either the key lever |01 or the key lever |08 are disposedopposite the contact members |00 the proper solenoids of the series of solenoids 3311,-331 operate the bars 36 to permit downwardmovement ofthe mask on the carriage return or tab key lever. -`Taking the key lever |01 as an example, downward movement of that key lever actuates a switchy |09 to open a circuit. When the circuit through the switch |09 is closed current flows fromthe lead ||0 through the switch |09,

thence through the switch associated with the key lever' |08, thencey through a lead ||2 to'fan arm ||3 pivoted at ||4. The arm ||3 is disposed in the field of an electromagnet so thatwhen the magnet ||5 is energized the arm ||3 is drawn toward the left, viewing Figure 6, or in the counterclockwise directionV about the axis 'of the pivot ||4.' A spring ||6 tends to move the arm |I3 outwardly, i. e., to turn it in the`fclockwise direction about. the axis of thel pivot ||4, but when the magnet ||5 isenergized its force is greater than that of the spring'so the arm is drawn in. When the magnet 1s `energized current flows through the lead.||2, thek arm ||3. a contact ||1 carried bythe arm, ar

contact ||8r carried by the magnet and a lead ||9 tothe coil-of the magnet. From the magnet coil the current flows out to a lead |20, thus completingvthe circuit rto the source of current.

When the switch |09 is open the coil lof the mag-1 net ||5 is de-energized and the' iarm ||3 is by'the 18 spring ||6 moved toward the right to separate the contactsv ||1 and ||8. Thus, until the coil is again energized the arm ||3 will remain in its outer position.

The arm ||3 has a contact member |2| connected with a lead |22 leading to the switch |02. The magnet carries a contact member |23 adapted when the arm ||3 is in the closed position as shown in Figure 6 to engage the contact member |2| and complete a circuit from the lead |22 through a lead |24 to the lead ||0`. Thus when the contact members |2| and |23 are in engagement and the switches |02 and |08 are closed the automatic tape feed will operate. When the arm |3 is kin its outer position, being limited in its outward movement by a stop |25, the circuit between the leads |22 and |24 is broken and the automatic feed ceases to function.

A portion of the typewriter carriage is shown at |26 in Figures 6 and 7. The carriage has a margin stop |28a having a contact member |21 adapted to function as will presently be described to cause the automatic tape feed to resume operation when a carriage return movement is completed. The carriage is also provided with the usual series of tab stops |28 arranged therealong, each of those tab stops having a projection |2811 adapted when the tab stop carrying it is in operative position to serve as a contact member as will presently be described to cause the automatic tape feed to resume operation when a tabular movement of the carriage is completed. The tab stops |28 are moved between operative and inoperative positions by being turned upon the bar |28b carrying them as well known in the art. In Figure 7 the tab stop |28 nearest the eye is in operative position and the next tab stop behind is in inoperative position. In Figure 6 the carriage is viewed from the rear. Thus forward movement of the carriage is from left to right in Figure 6 and return movement is from right to left. The carriage is electrically grounded to the typewriter frame as indicated at |29 and 29a which also causes the margin stop |2611, with its contact member |21 and the tab stops |28 with their respective projections |28a which constitute contact members to be grounded. Upon completionof a return movement of the carriage the contact member |21 engages a contact member |30 mounted in the typewriter frame but not grounded to the frame. The contact member |30 is connected through a lead |3| to the lead |0. Likewise upon completion of a tabular movement of the carriage toward the right, viewing Figure 6, the contact member |28a engages a contact member |32 mounted in the typewriter frame but not grounded to the frame. The contactV member |32 is connected through a lead |33 and the lead |3| to the lead H0. The contact member |32 is flexible so that it will bend over to permit passage of the contact member and tab stop |28 as the carriage continues forward movement toward the right, viewing Figure 6, after completion of one tabular movement. The contact member |32 carries at its right hand face, viewingFigure 6, insulation |34 adapted to bc engaged by the member |28 upon a return movement of the carriage from right to left. Thus no circuit is closed between the member |28 and the member |32 upon a return movement of the carriage.

When either the contact members |21 and |30 or the contact members |28 and |32 are in electrical engagement current flows from the lead ||04 through the lead |3| and in the case of the contact member |32 also through the lead |33 to the carriage and thence to the ground. But the contact member ||6 carried by the magnet i is grounded to the typewriter frame by a lead |35. Current passes from the frame through the lead and the contact member ||8, the lead H9, the coil and the magnet ||5 and the lead |20, thus completing the coil circuit and energizing the coil of the magnet. This draws the arm |13 toward the left, viewing Figure 6, so that the Contact members |2| and |23 engage each other to close the circuit or the automatic tape feed which then resumes operation. Also the contact members H1 and ||8 enter into engagement with each other so that the coil of electromagnet ||5 continues to be energized even after the contact members |21 and |30, or the contact members |28 and |32, are separated.

Extending transversely or" the typewriter is a shalt |38 which is journaled in the typewriter frame and is positioned below the iront ends of the key levers and spaced a short distance therebelow. rThe axis of the shaft |36 is perpendicular to the planes of operation of the key levers. The shaft |38 carries a locking bar |31 which when in operative position projects upwardly from the Shaft so as to underlie the key levers adjacent their front ends. When the locking bar |31 is in its upright or operative position as shown in Figure l it prevents downward movement of the key levers. This in turn prevents recording of a character or a carriage movement (either tabular or return) despite the fact that a tape perforation which would normally bring about such recording or such movement may be passing through the mechanism of Figures 9 and 10 when used to cause a previously cut tape to operate a typewriter to make a record. When the shaft |36 is turned in the clockwise direction, viewing Figure 1 or Figure 13, through an angle of approximately 90 the locking bar |31 is disposed out of the paths of the key levers which may then operate in normal fashion.

When a typewriter is being used for making a record from a previously cut tape it may be desired not to print some of the matter for which perfor-ations have been provided in the tape or not to move the carriage in a return or tabular movement for which perforations have been provided in the tape. In order to avoid printing of such matter or such a movement of the carriage provision is made for rendering operative the locking bar |31 while the perforations in the tape corresponding to the matter to be deleted or to the carriage movement pass the contact members |00 and plate |0|. The rendering operative of the locking bar to accomplish the deletions cr to prevent the carriage movements above referred to is accomplished by mechanism now to be described.

When the tape is originally cut distinctive perforations are provided in it bracketing the matter which in one form of record subsequently to, be made is to be deleted. Similarly perforations in the tape for effecting carriage movements may. be bracketed by such distinctive perforations. Those distinctive perforations cause actuation of the mechanism now to be described to render operative the locking bar |31 until the perforations corresponding to the deleted matter or the undesired carriage movements have passed.

When the distinctive perforations in the tape become operative they bring about operation of one or the other of two special keyless levers similar to the key levers above referred to butnot having any keys (i. e., levers which are parts of the typewriter structure but which are never manually operated and hence need no keys). These two keyless levers are designated respectively by reference numerals |38a and |39c. (See Figures 16 to 19.) The keyless levers |38a and i39a are respectively effective when operated to release cams |38 and |39 (see Figures 13 and 14), i. e., when the keyless lever |38a is operated it releases the cam |38 and when the keyless lever 39a is operated it releases the cam |39. Mechanism such as that shown in Figure 1 may be employed between the respective keyless levers |38a and |39a and the corresponding cams |38 and |39 so that when, for example, the keyless lever |38 is operated the cam |38a will be released and moved into operative position with respect to the continuously rotating roll 8 which will turn the cam through approximately 180. When the cam |38 or the cam |39 is thus operated it in turn operates mechanism now to be described.

The cams |38 and |39 are both disposed opposite a cam following roller |40 carried by a pin |4| mounted in a yoke |42 carried on the end of a link |43. 43 carries a pin |44 which is disposed in a slot |45 in a disc |46 of generally semi-circular shape as shown in Figure 13. The slot |45 is straight except that its opposed ends |41 and |48 are onset as shown in Figure 13. The disc |46 is fast to the shaft |36. The disc |46 carries a pin |49 to which is connected one end of a tension coil spring |50. The opposite end of the spring |50 is connected with the member 5 at |5|. The spring |50 is an over center spring adapted to maintain the disc |46 in either of two positions. The disc is shown in one position against a stop |52a in Figure 13 in which position the locking bar |31 is operative or in the position shown in Figure 1. When the disc |46 is turned through an angle of about in the` clockwise direction, viewing Figure 13, it engages a stop |52b and the spring |50 crosses the axis of the shaft |36 and hence maintains the disc resiliently in position against the stop |5212.

The disc |46 is operated by the link |43 which in turn is operated by one or the other of the cams |36 and |39. When the disc is in the position shown in Figure 13 and either of the cams |38 and |39 turns through 180 it engages the roller |40 and pushes the link |43 generally upwardly and toward the left to givethe disc |46 an impulse to `turn in the clockwise direction. After the spring |50 crosses the axis of the shaft |36 the spring takes control of the disc |46 and completes its rotative movement until it engages the stop |521). Upon return of the link |43 to its normal position the pin |41 will .be disposed in the oiset end |48 of the slot |45 in the disc. Upon a subsequent operation of either of the cams |38 and |39 the disc is moved in the counterclockwise direction in a manner analogous to that above described for its clockwise movement and it strikes the stop |52a. Thus each time either of the cams |38 and |38is operated the locking bar |31 is moved between operative and inoperative positions. If it is initially inoperative it will be rendered operative and if it is initially operative it will be rendered inoperative. Hence one or the other of the cams 38 and |39 will be actuated just before and just after any series of perforations inthe tape whichr are netto become effective pass between the contact members |00 and the contact plate' l 0| When the locking bar |31 is in its operative position as shown in Figure The opposite end of the linkv 

